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The Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization (FRAM) program of the United States Navy extended the lives of World War II-era destroyers by shifting their mission from a surface attack role to that of a submarine hunter. The FRAM program also covered cruisers, aircraft carriers, submarines, amphibious ships, and auxiliaries.〔Vinock, Eli, CAPT USN "FRAM Fixes the Fleet" ''United States Naval Institute Proceedings'' August 1984 pp.70-73〕 The United States Coast Guard also used this term in the 1980s for the modernization of its s. ==Background== The program was started by Admiral Arleigh Burke as a response to estimates that the Soviets would have a force of about 300 modern fast-attack submarines by 1957. The US Navy was unable to produce enough destroyer escorts (frigates after 1975) and other anti-submarine warfare-capable ships to counter this threat, given other priorities such as new anti-aircraft warfare-capable frigates (cruisers after 1975) and aircraft carriers, so Burke instead looked for ways to modify the existing World War II-era destroyer fleet, which was rapidly becoming outdated anyway.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=FRAM )〕 Burke oversaw preparation of a report to the House and Senate Appropriations Committees entitled "The Aging Fleet." The idea that became FRAM was only one of six recommendations of a special committee to address the poor material conditions of ships built during World War II. Those recommendations were, in order of preference: #build new ships, #give more time to maintenance, #accomplish more extensive overhauls, #provide more money for maintenance, #institute better training for maintenance personnel, or #create a large-scale modernization and rehabilitation program to fill the gap until new ships can be built. United States Secretary of the Navy Thomas S. Gates embraced the last recommendation in a meeting with United States Secretary of Defense Neil Hosler McElroy on 11 November 1958.〔 A comparable programme for the Royal Navy had provided modifications to 33 British War Emergency Programme destroyers, which were converted during 1949-56 into 23 Type 15 first-rate anti-submarine frigates and 10 Type 16 limited conversions, pending the construction of new-build Type 12 and Type 14 frigates. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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